Reproduction
ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION
The
process where a single organism gives rise to offspring with identical
genetic information.
Most
of the cells in your body reproduce asexually (mitosis!)
Five
(5) types of asexual reproduction
1.
Binary Fission organism splits into
two offspring. (Ex. Paramecium)
2.
Budding Offspring begins as a
small outgrowth from the parent. (Ex.
Hydra)
3.
Fragmentation New organism formed
from a part that broke off of the parent. (Ex. Starfish)
4.
Spore formation Spores (housed within
the parent) are released and develop into a mature organism. (Ex. Bread mould)
5.
Vegetative Reproduction The parent grows runners (ex. horizontal roots) which
will develop into offspring. (Ex. Quaking Aspen).
SEXUAL REPRODUCTION
Process
where genetic information from two cells is combined to produce a new
organism with a new combination of
In
complex animals the two combining cells come from two different parents.
The
new organism formed is genetically different from its parents and other
offspring.
Organisms
that reproduce sexually show a wide variety of differences in traits within a
given species.
Three
types of sexual reproduction
.
1.
Conjugation two cells come in
contact with each other and exchange small pieces of their
2.
Hermaphrodite An organism that
produces both sperm and eggs; they can reproduce with any other member of their
species. (Ex. Flat worm)
3.
Separate Sexes Most complex animals
have separate sexes, male and female, which produce sperm and eggs,
respectively. The methods of
fertilization used are either internal fertilization (Ex. snow shoe hares) or
external fertilization (Ex. Anemones).
REPRODUCTION IN FLOWERING
PLANTS
Many
plants reproduce sexually. Some have both
male and female sex organs on the same flower; others have male and female sex
organs on different flowers.
Male
Sex Cell Pollen produced in anthers
which are the tips of the stamen.
Female
Sex Cell Eggs located in the ovary
at the base of the pistil.