Kingdom Plantae Review - Part 2

1. What are the two types of vascular tissue?

2. Describe the function of each.

3. Which plant tissues are living at maturity?

4. Which of the two vascular tissues is toward the outside of a vascular bundle?

Answer the following by using the letter X (for xylem) or P (for phloem).
5. _____ involved in translocation
6. _____ forms just outside the vascular cambium
7. _____ consists of tracheids and vessels
8. _____ becomes heartwood
9. _____ consists of sieve tubes
10. _____ forms growth rings in wood

11. Compare and contrast epidermis and cork.

12. Name the tissues or cell types that are specialized for support in vascular plants.

13. What plant organs have meristematic tissue?

14. Would you expect roots to have cork tissue? Vascular tissue? Explain.

15. What is the plant organ that produces most of the plant's food?

16. Explain why leaves grown in full sunlight often have thicker cuticles than leaves grown in the shade.

17. Stem is to support as _____ is to absorption.

18. Why are we more likely to eat taproots than fibrous roots?

19. From what tissue do lateral roots arise?

20. How are vascular cambium and cork cambium alike? How are they different?

21. Meristem is to division as _____ is to cell specialization.

22. What is the function of cork?

23. In what area of the root is length added to the root?

24. What is the major function of young roots? Older roots?

25. List four functions of stems.

26. Differentiate between woody and herbaceous stems.

27. Name three types of meristematic tissue in a woody stem.

28. What happens to the epidermis during secondary growth?

29. How are annual growth rings formed in woody stems?

30. Why is it important for root hairs to develop soon after germination?

31. What process causes water to enter root hairs?

32. What is the attraction between like molecules called? Unlike molecules?

33. Explain the cohesion-tension theory.

34. If you were able to inject some air bubbles into the xylem vessels of a tree, what would happen?

35. What are the differences between xylem and phloem cells?

36. Explain the pressure flow hypothesis.

37. In the ground, _____ moves into the _____ of the plant through _____ by _____ . This movement takes place because the concentration of water in the plant is _____ than the concentration of water in the surrounding soil.

38. During photosynthesis, the leaf serves as a source of _____ that are loaded into _____ (A). This process requires _____. As this occurs, the concentration of water in A is _____, causing _____ to enter A from _____. The result is that the _____ in A is increased. Then the _____ is pushed along with the _____ through the _____ into the _____. The sugar molecules produced in the _____ are used to nourish _____. Some food is also stored in the _____. In spring, it provides _____ for the upper parts of the plant until _____ are able to produce food.

39. Name four functions of roots.

40. What is the function of the root cap, and why is it important?

41. What tissue is found in the centre of a mature dicot root? monocot root?

42. What is the layer of the root in which food is stored?

43. What are the finger-like projections extending from the root epidermis which increase the surface area of the root?

44. Grasses and other plants with greatly branched roots have a root system.

45. What do we call roots that arise from stems or leaves?

46. What tissues are found in the bark? In the wood?

47. Where in the stem does primary growth occur?

48. What are the functions of the epidermis and cuticle?

49. Which leaf structure provides water for photosynthesis?

50. Name two ways in which leaves are designed to conserve water.

51. What are guard cells and what is their purpose?

52. Explain the conflict between photosynthesis and water conservation.

53. In which tissues are chloroplasts in the leaf found?

54. How do the spongy and palisade mesophyll differ?

55. How does the flat shape of leaves aid in photosynthesis?

56. What term describes the growth of leaves toward the sun?

57. Describe three types of tropism seen in plants.

58. _____ anchors the plant and collects water vascular tissue

59. _____ major photosynthetic surface root

60. _____ above-ground support parenchyma

61. _____ growth takes place here stem

62. _____ outer layer of cells leaf

63. _____ stores food and heals wounds cambium

64. _____ strengthening cells collenchyma

65. _____ conducts food, dissolved minerals, and water meristem tissue

66. _____ reduces water loss epidermis

67. _____ causes plant to grow in width apical meristem

68. _____ causes plant to grow in length