Science 10
Chemistry Unit Review Questions
Introduction
1. What is one of Chemistry's key roles?
2. Why are patterns in nature important?
3. Knowing patterns is no help in making predictions. T, F, explain.
4. a) Why would we want to test our predictions?
b) And, what does this all have to do with Science?
5. How do predictions, testing and classification of things all tie together?
6. Many things in nature show pattens in their properties. T, F, explain.
7. Think: a) Name two materials that are explosive.
b) Name two that are stable.
8. Think: a) Name two materials that will dissolve in water.
b) Name two that will not dissolve.
9. Think: a) Name two glassy materials.
b) Name two plastic materials.
10. Think: Name two changes you think we might be able to study through Chemistry.
11. a) What tiny particles will we study?
b) Define: bond.
c) These particles bond to form what larger type of particles?
12. Name two types of properties we will study.
The Particle Theory of Matter
13. This theory has how many points?
14. Explain if the following statements agree or disagree with the Particle Theory.
a) some matter is made of rather large particles.
b) a pure substance may contain one or more kinds of particles.
c) particles push each other away.
d) particles are always hopping around.
e) at low temperatures, particles move slowly.
Classifying Matter
15. Trying to classifying things is not an effective way of trying to learn about them. T, F, explain.
16. Classification allows us to see what about the things we classify?
17. Think: Devise a simple classification system for your classmates.
18. Name the states of matter.
19. Draw your outline and label it, showing what states of matter occupy which areas of yourself.
20. a) Is a simple or complex classification chart easiest to use?
b) Which is more accurate?
c) Which can be used to classify a greater variety of things?
21. How do you know where to place an unfamiliar material in a classification table?
22. How does testing help you put a material in its proper place in a classification table?
23. a) Name two types of matter.
b) Might there be more?
24. a) Name two types of mixtures.
b) Might there be more?
25. Define: homogenous.
26. Contrast homogenous and heterogenous.
27. Use the terms homogenous and heterogenous to describe mechanical mixtures and solutions.
Changes
28. What are two types of changes we will study?
29. a) Which type of change does not change the basic nature of the thing we are investigating?
b) Describe one example of this type of change.
c) what is the evidence of this type of change?
30. a) What is another type of change we will study?
b) Again, describe an example of it.
c) And, evidence?
31. Look at the following processes. In each one, some change is taking place.
a) Describe what the change is.
b) Then, label the changes as "physical" or "chemical."
c) Explain your choice of labels. Remember, the key is if something new is being made.
The changes: i) you carve a piece of wood
ii) you pile snow into a snowman
iii) you make a pizza
iv) water becomes ice.
32. What is a second of distinguishing chemical and physical changes?
33. a) Which type of change is easy to reverse?
b) Difficult?
34. Which of the following changes do you think could be easily reversed?
a) water to steam
b) constructing a wooden dinosaur
c) burning a match
d) cutting down a tree.
Mechanical Mixtures
35. a) The components of which specific type of mixture are loosely combined?
b) Can you see the components?
c) Can you see them easily?
36. What is an example of an ordinary mechanical mixtures?
37. What is an example of a suspension?
38. a) What makes a colloid a special type of mechanical mixture?
b) How does light help us recognize a colloid?
39. So, there are how many specific types of mechanical mixtures?
40. Insta-Review: There are how many main types of mixtures?
41. What makes the sky blue?
42. Which specific type of mechanical mixture would be the easiest to pick apart?
43. Explain which you think might be easier to separate, salt and pepper or salt and iron filings.
44. Insta-Review: Why does the term heterogenous apply to mechanical mixtures?
Solutions
45. What is the other main type of mixture?
46. a) Name the components of a solution.
b) Which one does the dissolving?
c) Which gets dissolved?
d) Which one usually makes up more of the solution?
47. What is an obvious, visual property of a solution?
48. a) What are the components of alloys?
b) How is an alloy made?
c) Have alloys been important in history?
d) Why can we say an alloy is a solid suspension?
49. Explain if solutions are easy to separate into their components.
50. Which is the solvent and which is the solute in the following solutions?
a) water and salt in the ocean
b) flour and flavoring in cookie dough
c) nuts and chocolate in a candy bar
d) minerals and water in tap water.
Pure Substances
51. Name the types of pure substances.
52. Which type of particle is found in elements?
53. Which type of particle is found in compounds?
54. Describe how you could use colored building blocks to represent:
a) an atom
b) an element
c) a molecule
d) a compound.
55. What information is contained in the Periodic Table?
56. There are about how many known elements?
57. Your research: What was the goal of the alchemists?
Atomic Theory
58. What theory helps you know how many atoms and what types of atoms are in some chemical?
59. a) Dalton's work was the extension of the ideas of what other researchers?
b) What did these earlier researchers say about atoms forming molecules?
60. How is Dalton's work an example of how Science works?
61. a) What are chemical reactions?
b) What do they tell us?
c) What does balancing the reaction tell us?
Nomenclature
62. Name the types of compounds we studied during Nomenclature.
63. Name or give the formula for the following:
a) CaCl2 b) aluminum oxide c) Ag2S d) tin (II) fluoride e) Mg(OH)2
64. Name or give the formula for the following:
a) CO b) carbon dioxide c) SO2 d) P2O5
65. Name or give the formula for the following:
a) HCl b) nitric acid c) H2SO4 d) phosphoric acid
66. Name or give the formula for the following:
a) NaOH b) Al(OH)3 c) calcium hydroxide d) Fe(OH)3
Balancing Equations
67. Name the types of reaction patterns we studied.
68. In each of the following, add coefficients and state the reaction type.
a) Cu + O2 CuO
b) Ca(OH)2 + HCl CaCl2 + HOH
c) Cr2O3 Cr + O2
d) Cl2 + NaBr Br2 + NaCl
69. Now, balance for practice.
a) H3PO4 + NaOH Na3PO4 + HOH
b) H2 + FeO3 Fe + H2O
c) NO2 + H2O HNO3 + NO
d) NaCl + H2O NaOH + H2 + Cl2
e) NO2 + O2 NO3
f) NH4OH + CO2 (NH4)2CO3 + H2O
g) Fe2O3 + CO Fe + CO2
h) Sb + Cl2 SbCl3
i) HBr + Cl2 HCl
j) CaCO3 CaO + CO2